条件 API 示例
让我们考虑员工数据库的例子。让我们假设 jpadb.employee 表包含以下记录：
Eid Ename Salary Deg
401 Gopal 40000 Technical Manager
402 Manisha 40000 Proof reader
403 Masthanvali 35000 Technical Writer
404 Satish 30000 Technical writer
405 Krishna 30000 Technical Writer
406 Kiran 35000 Proof reader
在 Eclipse IDE 中创建一个名为的 JPA 项目 JPA_Eclipselink_Criteria. 本项目所有模块如下图所示：
创建实体
创建一个名为的包 com.jc2182.eclipselink.entity 在下面 ‘src’ 包裹。
创建一个名为的类 Employee.java在给定的包下。Employee 类实体如下所示：
package com.jc2182.eclipselink.entity;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Employee {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.AUTO)
private int eid;
private String ename;
private double salary;
private String deg;
public Employee(int eid, String ename, double salary, String deg) {
super( );
this.eid = eid;
this.ename = ename;
this.salary = salary;
this.deg = deg;
}
public Employee( ) {
super();
}
public int getEid( ) {
return eid;
}
public void setEid(int eid) {
this.eid = eid;
}
public String getEname( ) {
return ename;
}
public void setEname(String ename) {
this.ename = ename;
}
public double getSalary( ) {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(double salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public String getDeg( ) {
return deg;
}
public void setDeg(String deg) {
this.deg = deg;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [eid = " + eid + ", ename = " + ename + ", salary = " + salary + ", deg = " + deg + "]";
}
}
持久化文件
需要 Persistence.xml 文件来配置数据库和实体类的注册。
Persistence.xml 将由 Eclipse IDE 在创建 JPA 项目时创建。配置细节是用户规范。persistence.xml 文件如下所示：
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0" xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name = "Eclipselink_JPA" transaction-type = "RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<class>com.jc2182.eclipselink.entity.Employee</class>
<properties>
<property name = "javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpadb"/>
<property name = "javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value = "root"/>
<property name = "javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value = "root"/>
<property name = "javax.persistence.jdbc.driver"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name = "eclipselink.logging.level" value = "FINE"/>
<property name = "eclipselink.ddl-generation"
value="create-tables"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
服务类
该模块包含服务类，它使用元数据 API 初始化实现 Criteria 查询部分。创建一个名为的包‘com.jc2182.eclipselink.service’. 类名为CriteriaAPI.java在给定的包下创建。DAO类如下所示：
package com.jc2182.eclipselink.service;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;
import com.jc2182.eclipselink.entity.Employee;
public class CriteriaApi {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EntityManagerFactory emfactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "Eclipselink_JPA" );
EntityManager entitymanager = emfactory.createEntityManager( );
CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder = entitymanager.getCriteriaBuilder();
CriteriaQuery<Object> criteriaQuery = criteriaBuilder.createQuery();
Root<Employee> from = criteriaQuery.from(Employee.class);
//select all records
System.out.println(“Select all records”);
CriteriaQuery<Object> select = c riteriaQuery.select(from);
TypedQuery<Object> typedQuery = entitymanager.createQuery(select);
List<Object> resultlist = typedQuery.getResultList();
for(Object o:resultlist) {
Employee e = (Employee)o;
System.out.println("EID : " + e.getEid() + " Ename : " + e.getEname());
}
//Ordering the records
System.out.println(“Select all records by follow ordering”);
CriteriaQuery<Object> select1 = criteriaQuery.select(from);
select1.orderBy(criteriaBuilder.asc(from.get("ename")));
TypedQuery<Object> typedQuery1 = entitymanager.createQuery(select);
List<Object> resultlist1 = typedQuery1.getResultList();
for(Object o:resultlist1){
Employee e=(Employee)o;
System.out.println("EID : " + e.getEid() + " Ename : " + e.getEname());
}
entitymanager.close( );
emfactory.close( );
}
}
编译并执行上述程序后，您将在 Eclipse IDE 的控制台面板中得到如下输出：
Select All records
EID : 401 Ename : Gopal
EID : 402 Ename : Manisha
EID : 403 Ename : Masthanvali
EID : 404 Ename : Satish
EID : 405 Ename : Krishna
EID : 406 Ename : Kiran
Select All records by follow Ordering
EID : 401 Ename : Gopal
EID : 406 Ename : Kiran
EID : 405 Ename : Krishna
EID : 402 Ename : Manisha
EID : 403 Ename : Masthanvali
EID : 404 Ename : Satish
